Abstract: Rare-earth crystals offer a rich variety of fascinating phenomena whose understanding relies on confronting theories and experiments to account for the complex interactions of their atomistic and emergent constituents. Motivated by the detailed information from the crystalline environment for the magnetostatics of rare-earth (RE) ions and for the spin-dynamics of their effective models, this talk shall emphasise on the role that magneto-crystalline anisotropies play in materials with strong spin-orbit coupling. Focussing on RE pyrochlores and RE garnets, we shall discuss the relevance of the crystalline symmetries for the f-electrons of the rare-earth ions driving the unconventional magnetism. We shall present models and calculations for system with challenging non-collinear anisotropies, and thus of interest for neutron and x-ray scattering. This theoretical approach ought to contribute to advancements in theory and experiments on quantum magnetism and spintronics.