Institut Néel Grenoble

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From a thermodynamic point of view, biological cells are non-equilibrium, open systems which are very difficult to describe by the methods of physics. The biochemical machinery that regulates cells is very complex and is controlled in part by the interactions of cells with the surrounding proteins. Using microfabrication techniques developed and patented at the Néel Institute, which are suitable for manipulating fragile items such as proteins, we can control the adhesion of cells to a substrate at the micron scale. Experiments using these techniques together with numerical simulations have shown the property of biological cells to minimize their energy. (Full text)

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